(0-255), which are the basic keycodes only. It needs 5 taps by default, but you can change this by defining TAPPING_TOGGLE -- for example, #define TAPPING_TOGGLE 2 to toggle on just two taps. These modifiers can be combined using bitwise OR, e.g. These modifiers can be combined using bitwise OR, e.g. Understanding how layers work will allow you to use them in more advanced ways. Turns specified layer on, leaves all other layers in existing state. In a layer's keymap, only reference higher-numbered layers. How layers work specifically is covered in the article Keymap Overview. layer_on activates a layer, and layer_off deactivates it. Why GitHub? Layers are the most used way to define what each key does on a keyboard. You now know how to add a layer and how to switch to that layer. Or rather, active layers play a role: layers by default won’t do anything unless you make them active. The default layer is the always-active base layer that other layers stack on top of. You can add various keycodes to make layers active. Compatible with over 350 keyboards and easily added to other QMK keyboards. The default layer is always active, and so QMK finds the keycode KC_Z, and so it will send the letter Z to the computer. Check compatibility. Add your layer to the keymaps variable like below. Built with <2 from the VIA team. Code review; Project management; Integrations; Actions; Packages; Security 4 bits are used for the function identifier, the next 12 are divided into the parameters. QMK configurator 2 key to layer Hey everyone, I'm trying to setup a layout for my melody96 on QMK configurator and it's my first time using it. You can have multiple layers, of which always one layer is active. based on that (on if both on, otherwise off). When reading through the documentation, you’ll find that some QMK advanced keycodes will work with up to 16 layers. Get Started This includes both default- and non-base layers. You can define more than one layer. To add a layer, simply copy an existing layer and choose a different number for the index. This is an iterative journey; You'll be crafting your layout over time. Two of the most used keycodes to do that are: There are more ways to toggle layers, just follow the link above. Prints out the current bit mask and highest active default layer to debugger console. The most used one is to add a keycode to your layer to do so. Directly sets the layer state (recommended, do not use unless you know what you are doing). Numpad layer (I've seen others post about this, I assume there is no problem.) Sometimes you need more than one base layer. If you define multiple of those keycodes on your default layer, it’s possible for more than one layer to be active at the same time. You can then add any number of layers on top, and redefine one or more keys per layer. Helpful. Once you have a good feel for how layers work and what you can do, you can get more creative. Additionally, if at least one right-handed modifier is specified in a Mod Tap or Layer Tap, it will cause all modifiers specified to become right-handed, so it is not possible to mix and match the two. We've created some guidelines to help users avoid the most common problems. For most keyboards, QWERTY will be your default layer, the same like when you don’t hold the function key on a laptop pressed. Turns on layers based on matching bits between specifed layer and existing default layer state. When you press the FN key, the keys will do something different when pressed, such as controlling the volume or skipping songs. TT(layer) - Layer Tap-Toggle. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! Since this is meant to be an introducory article, I’d like to give a short explanation as to how layers work without diving into the nitty gritty details. This is important for smaller keyboards, where there aren’t enough physical keys to do all the functionality you need. You can use any keycodes on your new layer, like basic keycodes and advanced keycodes. Supported keys in the mugur-keymap layers. When determining what a keypress does, QMK scans the layers from the top down, stopping when it reaches the first active layer that is not set to, . Further reading When using momentary layer switching with MO(), LM(), TT(), or LT(), make sure to leave the key on the above layers transparent or it may not work as intended. Prints out the current bit mask and highest active layer to debugger console. You can add a #define to your code to make it easier to refer to your layers, like so: See how we now also refer to the layer in the keymaps variable by its name _BASE rather than its number. Switch across layers at the top. deactivates it. Under Working with layers in the documentation are some very good rules to follow, especially if you are new to layers. Features →. LM(layer, mod) - Momentarily activates layer (like MO), but with modifier(s) mod active. - switches the default layer. It’s a good idea to pick a number that’s not yet used for a layer between 0 and 15. If you hold the key down, layer is activated, and then is de-activated when you let go (like MO). The LGUI_ALL Layer. Layer 0 is the base layout, at the bottom of the stack. Depending on the context, the same keycode might mean different things. Turns on layers based on non-matching bits between specifed layer and existing layer state. If it is not working for you, check that your rules.mkincludes the following: At minimum you must define the data pin your LED strip is connected to, and the number of LEDs in the strip, in your config.h. Welcome to the new and updated QMK Configurator tutorial video! Configure layers Layers allow you to assign keys to multiple “layers”, so a single physical key can have multiple functions. Supports multiple layers, macros & media keys. There are a number of functions (and variables) related to how you can use or manipulate the layers. A mugur-key is a list that contains one or more qmk keycodes, modifiers, special symbols and the like. See One Shot Keys for details and additional functionality. It's important to set this as the lowest layer since it will typically have most or all of the keyboard's keys defined, so would block other layers from having any effect if it were above them (i.e., had a higher layer number). No support for custom code of any kind If you’ve followed the steps in the Complete Newbs Guide, chances are that you already have a few layers in your keymap. Lighting Layers is a feature that allows the lighting of the device to indicate the currently active layer. There is a lot you can tweak and do in QMK, but it’s not always easy to find how to do something. Layers are the most used way to define what each key does on a keyboard. At the same time, it provides a development environment for people to modify the tweak our analog sensor technology.. At the end you’ll see these lines: For the QMK Configurator and compiling the firmware yourself, you will need the QMK Toolbox, a collection of the necessary tools for flashing the firmware onto a keyboard controller all conveniently in a single application. Previous. Unless a keyboard is implementing it's own storage of state, there is no need to set anything, by enabling VIA, the defaults are set to use EEPROM memory as above. Profiles I'm hoping that I can make toggled layers where the arrow keys usually are placed. Let’s say we press the key on the bottom left, what happens? is enabled. In this. This function is special, because instead of just adding/removing one layer to your active layer stack, it will completely replace your current active layers, uniquely allowing you to replace higher layers with a lower one. To start with, each keyboard has a default layer. These functions allow you to activate layers in various ways. A good example of layers is the function layer on most laptops. This switches to _MY_LAYER as long as that key is held down. Going from 0 to 15, QMK supports 16 layers, though not all controllers may have the space to hold that many. You’ll find your keymap at /keyboards/name_of_your_keyboard/keymaps/name_of_your_keymap/keymap.c. Your keymap is one of the most important files for your keyboard. If you don’t have a keymap yet, I recommend using the QMK Configurator. It checks to see if the layer is active, meaning that we pushed a button like MO(2) to activate the layer, or that we activated the layer programatically. New to QMK, or in for a refresher? If you repeatedly tap it, the layer will be toggled on or off (like TG). MO(layer) - momentarily activates layer. You can activate layers in many ways, most of which involve special keycodes to switch and toggle layers. By default, dynamic keymaps are configured to use 4 layers, and the remaining EEPROM memory (up to 1K) is used for macros. Both require 2 variables (layer and mod/keycode). Below is an example of a simple keymap, containing the keycodes for a macro pad with five keys. Checks if the specified layer is enabled globally. This passes the layer state to the function, where it can be read or modified. Additionally, most keymaps contain a commitkey. Layers play an important role into deciding what the keyboard does when you press a key. , that is the key that will be sent, not the key on the layer you just activated. Custom Keymap with Lighting Layers: I mentioned earlier that the 1up60hse lacks a default means of indicating the active layer, and that is true, but this section will cover a way through QMK to create a means. LT(layer, kc) - momentarily activates layer when held, and sends kc when tapped. It is also possible to check the state of a particular layer using the following functions and macros. This feature is supported both in the QMK Configurator and for custom keymaps. Let’s start with a basic keymap for this example. Only supports layers 0-15 and the left modifiers: MOD_LCTL, MOD_LSFT, MOD_LALT, MOD_LGUI (note the use of MOD_ constants instead of KC_). active. Arrange your layers in a "tree" layout, with layer 0 as the root. OSL(layer) - momentarily activates layer until the next key is pressed. More layer-related functions can be found in. LM(_RAISE, MOD_LCTL | MOD_LALT). Toggling layers for gaming, photo/video editing, programming, and standard typing The community encompasses all sorts of input devices, such as keyboards, mice, and MIDI devices. (Note that this is a temporary switch that only persists until the keyboard loses power. Layer Tap uses 4 bits for the layer (and is why it's limited to layers 0-15, actually), while Mod Tap does the same, 4 bits for the identifier, 4 bits for which mods are used, and all of them use 8 bits for the keycode. Once you have your keymap set up, review the default keymap.c found in the QMK GitHub repo. Called on keyboard initialization. For trivial key definitions, the higher 8 bits of the action code are all 0 and the lower 8 bits holds the USB HID usage code generated by the key as keycode. This key should contain one array per layer, which themselves should contain the keycodes that make up that layer. This is activated on keydown (as soon as the key is pressed). QMK uses active layers to determine what key to send to the computer. Because layers are processed from the highest-numbered (topmost) active layer down, modifying the state of lower layers can be tricky and error-prone. If you need to apply modifiers to your tapped keycode, Tap Dance can be used to accomplish this. This guide is intended for people for people that are new to QMK and keyboard firmware in general. Currently, LT() and MT() are limited to the Basic Keycode set, meaning you can't use keycodes like LCTL(), KC_TILD, or anything greater than 0xFF. I am trying to make holding down right alt + right ctrl to access layer 1, does anyone have any ideas on how to do that? You can find these keycodes under Switching and toggling layers. If you are just getting started with QMK you will want to keep everything simple. To modify the default layer in a persistent way requires deeper customization, such as calling the set_single_persistent_default_layer function inside of process_record_user.). For a truly ergonomic experience, shape your keyboard to your needs. Any change you wish to make to the firmware will need to be flashed to the controller, unless your keyboard supports VIA and has the proper firmware flashed to it. default_layer_state_set_user(layer_state_t state). ?> For additional details on how you can use these callbacks, check out the. Moving to a 32-bit keycode would solve a lot of this, but would double the amount of space that the keymap matrix uses. You have to define a keycode for every key on a layer, but that doesn’t need to mean every key will do something. There are multiple ways to switch to a layer. The top two layers aren’t active. Powered by QMK with an easy to use online configurator, it's easy to program your M10-A to do whatever you want it to. This is the cause of most people's "why doesn't my layer get switched" problem. - Layer Tap-Toggle. See below for more about the default layer. If you repeatedly tap it, the layer will be toggled on or off (like, ). QMK uses active layers to determine what key to send to the computer. So your second layer (layer 1) can have number keys right on your home row, for example. and de-activates all other layers (except your default layer). (Note that this is a temporary switch that only persists until the keyboard loses power. Only supports layers 0-15. This guide assumes you’ve followed the Complete Newbs Guide. When you press a key, QMK goes looking through the stack of layers, starting at the top: the layer with the highest number. Turns specified layer on, and all other layers off. Join our community of passionate people to find and follow your interests. Other than the documentation, check out the QMK Discord for discussion on and help with QMK. Easy Programability Through The QMK Configurator; Each RoMac Macropad Kit Includes: • x1 RoMac PCB • x1 RoMac Bottom Plate • x1 Clear 3mm Acrylic Cover Plate • x15 Through-Hole Diodes • x1 Reset Switch • x4 M2 6mm Spacers (Female) • x2 M2 8mm Standoffs (Female) • x8 M2 Screws. This layer is an example of pure laziness on my part. And it could potentially cause issues, too. I’ll note two of those tips below: Now that you know how to work with layers, it’s time to add a layer to your keymap. DA: 97 PA: 84 MOZ Rank: 28. It’s the place where you’ll start out customizing what your keyboard does: layers are used to determine what each key should do when pressed. In QMK, const uint16_t PROGMEM keymaps [] [MATRIX_ROWS] [MATRIX_COLS] holds multiple layers of keymap information in 16 bit data holding the action code. Intended for use in layer callbacks. Quality switches. Layers are one of the most used ways to modify that behaviour. Callback for default layer functions, for users. Use layers, dual-function keys, and all of the other advanced features offered by QMK, the open-source keyboard firmware. In the Special Keys section of the documentation, you’ll find KC_NO which is a keycode that does nothing, and KC_TRANSPARENT which means that QMK will see through that layer in order to find a keycode to send. And it could potentially cause issues, too. IIRC, configurator doesn't support multiple inputs, yet Similar to Permissive Hold, this alters how the firmware processes inputs for fast typists. Layer Tap uses 4 bits for the layer (and is why it's limited to layers 0-15, actually), while Mod Tap does the same, 4 bits for the identifier, 4 bits for which mods are used, and all of them use 8 bits for the keycode. This is activated on keydown (as soon as the key is pressed). Using the Configurator. Directly sets the default layer state (recommended, do not use unless you know what you are doing). This might be used to switch from QWERTY to Dvorak layout. These functions allow you to activate layers in various ways. ?> For additional details on how you can use these callbacks, check out the Layer Change Code document. special keycodes to switch and toggle layers, Cheat sheet: Custom keyboard mounting styles, Define your lowest, default layer, with the number, Learn about transparant and no-op keys at. In QMK, that’s the equivalent of a layer. As a result if you activate a layer that is numerically lower than your current layer, and your current layer (or another layer that is active and higher than your target layer) has something other than. This is your normal typing layer, and could be whatever layout you want (qwerty, dvorak, colemak, etc.). Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. There is always one layer active: the default layer. You now know how to add a layer and how to switch to that layer. Checks if layers x and y are both on, and sets z based on that (on if both on, otherwise off). It will also mean you’ve made you own keymap by copying your keyboard’s default keymap. This is useful for when you want to have alternate keyboard layouts on the same board, like Colemak or Dvorak. About Layers Layers allow you to configure your keyboard with more behaviors than its number of physical keys. (Due to the extra space requirements of VIA, it has a default limit of four layers.) IS_LAYER_ON_STATE(state, layer), IS_LAYER_OFF_STATE(state, layer), For a detailed explanation of how the layer stack works, checkout, Switching and Toggling Layers :id=switching-and-toggling-layers, These functions allow you to activate layers in various ways. If you have multiple default layers, only one can be active at a time. Moving to a 32-bit keycode would solve a lot of this, but would double the amount of space that the keymap matrix uses. Turns on layers based on non-matching bits between specifed layer and existing default layer state. Intended for use in layer callbacks. Configure, test and design in one place - VIA is the last application you'll need for your keyboard. layer_state_set_user(layer_state_t state), default_layer_state_set_kb(layer_state_t state). Your base layers should always be the lowest numbered layers. About Layers Layers allow you to configure your keyboard with more behaviors than its number of physical keys. Namely LT(x, kc), and LM(x, mod). When determining what a keypress does, QMK scans the layers from the top down, stopping when it reaches the first active layer that is not set to KC_TRNS. On keyboards with onboard RGB LEDs, it is usually enabled by default. Called on keyboard initialization. Because of this, the keycode used is limited to 0xFF (0-255), which are the basic keycodes only. Turns specified layer off, leaves all other layers in existing state. With this series I intend to add some common steps to the Complete Newbs Guide so that you’ll be able to find your way around the framework more easily. Care must be taken when switching layers, it's possible to lock yourself into a layer with no way to deactivate that layer (without unplugging your keyboard.) Checks state to see if the specified layer is enabled. Another example is shift, which makes most keys do something different—send uppercased characters—which is also a layer, though you don’t need a separate shift layer in QMK for it to do its thing. Callback for layer functions, for keyboard. You should number your layers from 0 to 15 to start with, though you don’t have to use them all: having a few layers is perfectly fine. You can have multiple default layers if you want. In addition to the functions that you can call, there are a number of callback functions that get called every time the layer changes. This is the cause of most people's "why doesn't my layer get switched" problem. For example with the CTRL Keyboard, by default, when you hold Fn + A to change the LED pattern, the keyboard is actually activating Layer 1 and sending the code for switching to the previous LED pattern. The following are all qmk features that are supported by mugur by directly specifying a mugur-key in the mugur-keymap definition. Then you should be able to use the keycodes below to change the RGB lighting to your liking. Sets the default layer and writes it to persistent memory (EEPROM). It needs 5 taps by default, but you can change this by defining, use a 16 bit keycode. Turns on layers based on matching enabled bits between specifed layer and existing layer state. This analog development kit allows users to experience the world of analog key switches. Does the same as update_tri_layer(x, y, z), but from layer_state_set_* functions. Note that layers are not generally independent layouts -- multiple layers can be activated at once, and it's typical for layers to use. Layers form a stack. More layer-related functions can be found in action_layer.h. You could also make layers specific to a an activity you do frequently, like having all keys relevant to a game on a default layer. If you hold the key down, is activated, and then is de-activated when you let go (like, ). ​set_single_persistent_default_layer(layer)​. Some keyboards might even have a numpad when you press the FN key. A core group of collaborators maintains QMK Firmware, QMK Configurator, QMK Toolbox, qmk.fm, and this documentation with the help of community members like you. This function is special, because instead of just adding/removing one layer to your active layer stack, it will completely replace your current active layers, uniquely allowing you to replace higher layers with a lower one. The keyboard configurator. If your keyboard has onboard RGB LEDs, and you are simply creating a keymap, you usually won't need to modify these. The first layer often starts with the number 0, other layers get increasingly higher numbers. For example, you do not have the tapping commands, where tapping a key will send a specified keycode and … . For a detailed explanation of how the layer stack works, checkout Keymap Overview. Expanding this would be complicated, at best. In the example below I’ve defined three small layers for a macro pad. layers(array) The keymap itself. Macros - QMK docs.qmk.fm 4 bits are used for the function identifier, the next 12 are divided into the parameters. You’ve just begun using your new programmable keyboard and you’ve followed QMK’s Complete Newbs Guide. Doing so will mean you’ve got your development environment set up so you can compile and flash your firmware (with the keymap) to your keyboard. In the new layer, for the same key, I made the key transparent, since I can’t use that key for other things when holding it down. When using momentary layer switching with MO(), LM(), TT(), or LT(), make sure to leave the key on the above layers transparent or it may not work as intended. If you are experienced, there’s some more in depth reading down below at Further reading. If you only want a single layer, QMK devices can also be configured using the web-based Configurator (Figure 2), which is compatible with Chrome and Firefox. Interverts/toggles the state of the specified layer. This key is not consumed by the API that back-stops QMK Configurator, but is used by Configurator's maintainers to tell which version of a keymap was used to create the JSON keymap in this repository. A layer is an array containing keycodes. Arrow keys under a layer bound to the "wasd" location. Expanding this would be complicated, at best. The section Working with layers provides some very helpful tips about layers, be sure to give it a read. Discover innovative products, made possible by the collective wisdom of our users. For example with the CTRL Keyboard, by default, when you hold Fn + A to change the LED pattern, the keyboard is actually activating Layer 1 and sending the code for switching to the previous LED pattern. By default the configurator opens to the default layer, Layer 0, but selecting a different layer is as easy as clicking on the appropriate layer button. As soon as you let go of the key, the layer is deactivated. The Layers group holds the different commands for activating layers, but is not as complete a list as the QMK Configurator provides. It has the Massdrop CTRL among the options and you can download the source code once you finish the initial layer setup. With Oryx, you can change what any key does. to allow keypresses to pass through to lower layers. To modify the default layer in a persistent way requires deeper customization, such as calling the. , activating it if it's inactive and vice versa. Note that layers are not generally independent layouts -- multiple layers can be activated at once, and it's typical for layers to use KC_TRNS to allow keypresses to pass through to lower layers. QMK Configurator is an online tool used for easily creating firmware files for keyboards supported in qmk_firmware Since we haven’t explicitly set a default layer, the layer with the lowest number will be our default layer. If you need to apply modifiers to your tapped keycode, Working with Layers :id=working-with-layers, Intermediate Users :id=intermediate-users, Layers stack on top of each other in numerical order. Each layer should have a unique number. Turns on layers based on matching enabled bits between specifed layer and existing default layer state. See below for more about the default layer. Learn More Here. Callback for default layer functions, for keyboard. A common QMK convention is to name layers with something like: enum layer_names { _BASE, _MEDIA, _FN }; This works in C, but for Configurator, you must use the layer's numeric index – MO (_FN) would need to be MO (2) in the above example. Layers in QMK allow you to define your own layers, making each key do exactly what you want. Because of this, the keycode used is limited to. This might be used to switch from QWERTY to Dvorak layout. These two are good to start out with, just know that there’s probably a keycode that can do what you want when it comes to layers. When one base layer is on the others are off. You can have multiple layers, of which always one layer is active. So how does your keyboard know what it should do when you press a key? In the example above, I added one of those keycodes to the _BASE layer: MO(_MY_LAYER). The default layer is the always-active base layer that other layers stack on top of. The steps are: Go to the GMK configurator Select the appropriate layout for your board Go to Layer 0 - Select the L or R "Alt" key and on the layout and then scroll down and select the command on the list of keys and commands available that you want to assign. DF(layer) - switches the default layer. The rules listed in the beginner section will help you be successful by avoiding some of the tricker details but they can be constraining, especially for ultra-compact keyboard users. Follow these guidelines when setting up your layers: Setup layer 0 as your default, "base" layer. for details and additional functionality. Only supports layers 0-15 and the left modifiers: ). In this case, we didn’t, so QMK keeps looking. All the links below point to the QMK documentation: QMK Basics is a series of tutorials intended to guide you from the Complete Newbs Guide to your first customized keymap. For example, if you want to switch between QWERTY and Dvorak, switch between layouts for different countries, or switch your layout for different videogames. ZMK Firmware is a clean room design keyboard firmware, that borrows/implements a lot of the features found in popular keyboard firmwares projects like QMK and TMK.However, in order for ZMK to use the MIT, it must not incorporate any of the GPL licensed code from those projects.. Some manufacturers of QMK-based devices may also have their own tools for configuration. As a result if you activate a layer that is numerically lower than your current layer, and your current layer (or another layer that is active and higher than your target layer) has something other than KC_TRNS, that is the key that will be sent, not the key on the layer you just activated. Specifically, dual function keys like LT and MT use a 16 bit keycode. Your keymap might contain more functions, but the basics from this example should still be there: In the example above, the layer number is on line 4: in [0] = LAYOUT(, 0 is the layer number. As soon as you let go of the key, the layer is deactivated. Layers stack on top of each other in numerical order. Sometimes, you might want to switch between layers in a macro or as part of a tap dance routine. Do not try to enter the same layer from more than one other layer. For most people, this amounts to a function key that allows for different keys, much like what you would see on a laptop or tablet keyboard. Turns on layers based on matching bits between specifed layer and existing layer state. One of the most powerful and well used features of QMK Firmware is the ability to use layers. You can define 32 layers at most. Contribute to qmk/qmk_configurator development by creating an account on GitHub. With QMK, your keyboard has multiple virtual layers. When you have multiple base layers you should always treat them as mutually exclusive. You can also find helpful info at the OLKB subreddit. Optionally add a define to easily refer to the layer, like this: #define _MY_NEW_LAYER 4 if it’s the fourth layer, for example. TG(layer) - toggles layer, activating it if it's inactive and vice versa. TO(layer) - activates layer and de-activates all other layers (except your default layer). ... Print Keymap is blank if one of your layers is empty bug #852 opened Nov 26, 2020 by MaxKablaam. Read the docs. It defines most of the behaviour that you want your keyboard to do when you press, tap or hold your keys. Sometimes, you might want to switch between layers in a macro or as part of a tap dance routine.