The Water Sector can be said to have two sub-sectors, Water Supply and Sanitation (Urban & Rural) and Water Resources Management. More than 60% of poor households paid more than 3% of their expenditures on water. The DHID has established a specific Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Unit (RWSSU) in 2003 and shortly thereafter also a unit for peri-urban water supply and sanitation. [23] The average collection efficiency in 2010 was 84%, indicating that 16% of users did not pay their bills. They fill small basins at the base of trees or or in natural depressions in the landscape with rainwater or snow melt. The Republic of Zambia is located in Southern Africa. and other industries are dependent on water. According to the regulatory agency, 94% of water samples collected in urban areas were in compliance with drinking water standards in 2010. [14], Drinking water quality. MSU is an affirmative-action, equal-opportunity employer, committed to achieving excellence through a diverse workforce and inclusive culture that encourages all people to reach their full potential. Actual investments were only a small fraction (8% of the low-cost scenario) of investment needs. Vernal pools are a type of wetlands - sometimes resembling larger puddles. The utility charged water tariffs and was a legally and financially autonomous public entity to be operated based on commercial principles. This is the supreme law of the land and any laws inconsistent with the Constitution are null and void. [11] The Southern and North-Western commercial utilities have also benefited from German support. [5] In 2010 the average operational cost recovery was 105%, varying from 46% to 130% in Mulonga. Please feel free to further update it if need be. But until recently, this is what 800 pupils at Simango School in Zambia had to do. Within the Ministry the Department of Housing and infrastructure development (DHID) is responsible for water supply and sanitation infrastructure planning and resource mobilization. Financial viability in the urban areas has improved with six of the nine licensed commercial utilities operating in Zambia reaching operational cost coverage by the end of 2006. Sanitation facilities have been built at schools and health posts, and measures to promote appropriate hygiene behavior have been supported. The pools go by a variety of names: prairie potholes, whale wallows, hog wallows, sinks, and kettles. In 2015, 61% of the total population had access to an "at least basic water service", or 86% of the urban population and 44% of the rural population. The government has established a Devolution Trust Fund (DTF) to provide financing to increase access in poor urban areas through the use of low-cost technologies. [35], The World Bank assists the Lusaka Water and Sewerage Company (LWSC) with a US$ 23m Water Sector Performance Improvement Project approved in 2006. [10], Water kiosks, which were first introduced in Zambia in 2005, are operated by private individuals who have signed an agreement with water utilities and municipalities. A similar contamination incident occurs in Chingola in 2006. No child should ever have to drink water from the same place as wild animals. [12] In all three commercial utilities training is carried out covering administration, institutional development, electrical engineering and water production/distribution. According to the 1994 National Water Policy seven principles govern the state's policy in water and sanitation. NATURAL RESOURCES IN ZAMBIA Apart from its abundant wildlife, rivers, and lakes, Zambia holds 6% of the worlds copper reserves and is the fourth largest copper producing nation in the world. without increasing access rates. On the other hand, if special efforts have been made to improve access, performance or efficiency, higher tariffs will be approved. [29], Germany supports the water and sanitation sector in Zambia through financial cooperation carried out by KfW Development Bank and German Technical Cooperation carried out by GIZ. The changes can be very large in systems that combine surface water and ground water sources. Concerning water supply, there is a stark contrast between urban areas (87% access according to the UN, 78% access according to the regulator in 2010) and rural areas (46% access according to the UN). The kiosk operators buy piped water in bulk and sell it at a slightly higher regulated price of about 1 US Cent per 20 litres to users who carry the water in jerry cans to their homes. Prior to the formation of the water supply and sanitation regulator, National Water Supply and Sanitation Council, NWASCO, regulation of water supply and sanitation services was not handled by an autonomous (or independent) agency but via ministerial oversight. View our Cookie Policy . UNICEF supports water supply projects in cooperation with the Maureen Mwanawasa Community Initiative, the wife of the late President Mwanawasa. [14] UNICEF's activities in the Zambian water sector are supported by UKAid. National Water Policy which promotes in-tegrated water resource management and resultant programmes such as the Water Re-sources Action Programme. Reference to commercial products or trade names does not imply endorsement by MSU Extension or bias against those not mentioned. [23] The investments required for rural areas were estimated at US$260 million in the National Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Programme (2006–2015). But it was so deteriorated that it provided no more water at all or so infrequently, so that the residents had reverted to the use of water from other sources including contaminated rivers. ZAMBIA — Home to almost 15 million people, Zambia is a landlocked country in southern Africa bordering Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe and Namibia.Like many nations in the region, water quality in Zambia does not meet the United Nation’s recent Sustainable Development Goals. There were 35 sewer systems in the country, but only nine had functioning wastewater treatment plants. 4, 2011, Box 1:Participation in Action - Water Watch Groups in Zambia, quoting research by F. Boehm:"Is there an anti-corruption agenda in regulation? 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